HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY OF DENSE-PLASMAS USING MULTILAYER X-RAY OPTICS

Instruments incorporating normal-incidence mirrors and gratings have b een used to record images and spectra in the extreme u.v. and soft x-r ay regions. The multilayer coatings were optimized to reflect waveband s of interest for the diagnosis of dense plasmas. Images at wavelength s of 33.8 and 130 Angstrom were recorded with spatial resolution of 5 mu m. Using normal-incidence multilayer gratings operating in the wave length region 130-300 Angstrom, spectra with resolution of 14,000 were recorded which allows the use of line profiles to determine Doppler p lasma motion an Stark densities. Because of the high throughput of the multilayer optics, the instruments can be located at large distances from the plasmas, and the optics were undamaged by the intense radiati on and debris fluxes from laser-produced plasmas. The absolute radiati on flux was determined at wavelengths of 33.8 and 130 Angstrom.