The generation of (1 + 1)-dimension photorefractive spatial dark solit
ons by 180 degrees phase or amplitude jumps is reported. Experiments a
re performed in a cubic photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystal under an ext
ernal de electric field at the wavelength of the cw HeNe laser (633 nm
). The waveguiding properties of the generated dark solitons are inves
tigated using another HeNe (or semiconductor) cw laser probe beam.