H. Yagi et al., REGULATION OF THE MOUSE HISTONE H2A.X GENE PROMOTER BY THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F AND CCAAT BINDING-PROTEIN, The Journal of biological chemistry, 270(32), 1995, pp. 18759-18765
We have molecularly cloned the genomic gene encoding the mouse histone
variant H2A.X and characterized the promoter, The promoter region of
the H2A.X gene was characterized by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
analysis using Balb/c 3T3 cells, Maximal promoter activity was found i
n the construct containing up to -282 base pairs H2A.X upstream region
, Within this region, we found two sequences regulating the promoter a
ctivation: one was an E2F site and another was a CCAAT box, These sequ
ences were also required for the DNA/protein binding activities, Thus,
these activities corresponded to the promoter activities, implying th
at the promoter activity of H2A.X gene was controlled by both the tran
scription factor E2F and H1TF2 through the E2F and CCAAT element, The
CCAAT box binding activity was constitutive when cell cycle was progre
ssed by release from G1 arrest, but transiently transfected chloramphe
nicol acetyltransferase activity slightly increased when cells entered
S phase, Similarly, the level of the smallest form of E2F (free E2F)
became higher when cells reentered the cell cycle, indicating that the
free E2F was one capable of inducing the promoter activation, Thus, t
he free E2F and CCAAT DNA binding activity correlated with regulation
of the promoter activity.