A 45-year-old male presented with a large mass in the left axilla. FNA
cytology was interpreted as Hodgkin's disease (HD), lymphocyte deplet
ion (LD) type, but histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination
showed features of Ki-1-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Unre
presentative sampling by the FNA from the tumour periphery resulted in
a false impression of dual reactive and neoplastic cell populations,
which together with the frequent Reed-Sternberg-like cells led to the
initial erroneous impression of HD. Therefore, the cytologic diagnosis
of HD, LD should be approached with caution.