The concepts of near-field optical microscopy and experimental and the
oretical work carried out in Switzerland over the last 10 years are re
viewed. After a description of the pioneering experiments of the mid-1
980s, we focus on the recent efforts of the three Swiss laboratories c
urrently working in the field in close collaboration. This newly refre
shed initiative in near-field optics is supported by the Swiss Priorit
y Program Optique.