EXPECTATIONS AND MOTIVES FOR SUBSTANCE USE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

This study examined the internal reliability of standardized measures of substance use expectancies and motives in a schizophrenia populatio n (n = 70) and the relationship of these expectancies and motives to a lcohol and drug use disorders. Internal reliabilities were uniformly h igh for the subscales of the expectancy and motive measures. Analyses of the relationship between substance use disorders and expectancies r evealed strong substance-specific expectations. Alcohol expectancies w ere related to alcohol disorders but not to drug disorders; cocaine ex pectancies were related to drug but not to alcohol disorders; and mari juana expectancies were more strongly related to drug than to alcohol use disorders. In contrast, motives were related to substance use diso rders, and self-reported substance use problems were related to expect ancies and motives in a nonspecific manner. These results suggest that expectancy and motive questionnaires developed for the primary substa nce abuse population may be valid for psychiatric populations. Researc h on motives and expectancies may help to clarify the functions of sub stance abuse in persons with schizophrenia.