MIGRATION STUDIES FROM PAPER AND BOARD FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIALS .1. COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS

Citation
L. Castle et al., MIGRATION STUDIES FROM PAPER AND BOARD FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIALS .1. COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS, Food additives and contaminants, 14(1), 1997, pp. 35-44
Citations number
10
Categorie Soggetti
Food Science & Tenology","Chemistry Applied","Public, Environmental & Occupation Heath
ISSN journal
0265203X
Volume
14
Issue
1
Year of publication
1997
Pages
35 - 44
Database
ISI
SICI code
0265-203X(1997)14:1<35:MSFPAB>2.0.ZU;2-Q
Abstract
A survey of 32 paper and board materials intended for food contact has been undertaken. Sample composition was analysed to identify chemical s with a potential to migrate to foods. Representative materials cover ing a range of uses such as aqueous and fatty foods, and use at ambien t and elevated temperatures, were obtained from industry. The samples were examined in their unfinished state, even where the final form wou ld have included lamination to plastics, printing, or other treatments . A comprehensive and systematic analytical approach was applied which included determination of volatiles by headspace GC-MS, extraction us ing water, ethanol and chloroform with subsequent analysis by GC-MS an d HPLC, and multi-element screening by ICP-MS. The solvent extracts we re also weighed to determine the total amount of material available fo r migration. A large number of volatile substances were identified wit h alkyl and aryl aldehydes predominating in the majority of samples. S ubstances identified in solvent extracts included 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxytoluene (BHT), di-tert-butylphenol, benzophenone, 4,4'-bis(dime thyl amino)benzophenone (Michler's ketone), triphenyl methane, bicyclo hexylphenylphenanthrene carboxylic acid (and ifs methyl ester) and abi etic acid. Levels of these substances were however generally below 1 m g/kg paper. Of the inorganic elements, arsenic and mercury were not de tected above the limits of determination of 1.8 and 0.4 mg/kg respecti vely in any of the 10 samples examined. Cadmium was detected in teabag tissue and in unbleached Kraft paper at 0.3 mg/kg. Chromium was prese nt in seven samples at 1.1-7.8 mg/kg, whilst lead was present in nine of the 10 samples at levels ranging from 0.3 to 5.9 mg/kg.