INFLUENCE OF HIGH-RESISTANCE AND HIGH-VELOCITY TRAINING ON SPRINT PERFORMANCE

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of high-resistance (HR) and high-velocity (HV) training on the different phases of 100-m sprint performance. Two training groups (HR and HV) were compared with two control groups (RUN and PAS). The HR (N = 22) and HV group (N = 2 1) trained 3 d . wk(-1) for 9 wk: two strength training sessions (HR o r HV) and one running session. There was a run control group (RUN, N = 12) that also participated in the running sessions (1 d . wk(-1)) and a passive control group (PAS, N = 11). Running speed over a 100-m spr int was recorded every 2 m. By means of a principal component analysis on all speed variables, three phases were distinguished: initial acce leration (0-10 m), building-up running speed to a maximum (10-36 m), a nd maintaining maximum speed in the second part of the run (36-100 m). HV training resulted in improved initial acceleration (P < 0.05 compa red with RUN, PAS, and HR), a higher maximum speed (P < 0.05 compared with PAS), and a decreased speed endurance (P < 0.05 compared to RUN a nd PAS). The HV group improved significantly in total 100 m time (P < 0.05 compared with the RUN and PAS groups). The HR program resulted in an improved initial acceleration phase (P < 0.05 compared with PAS).