A 71-year-old woman developed complete third nerve palsy and total bli
ndness of the right eye one month after completing a course of radioth
erapy for sphenoid sinus carcinoma over a 13-month period. Differentia
l diagnosis included recurrence of the tumor, radiation-induced second
neoplasm, empty sella with chiasmal prolapse and secondary chiasmal a
rachnoid adhesions, and radionecrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging demo
nstrated gadolinium contrast enhancement of the right intracranial opt
ic nerve and chiasm, suggesting a radionecrosis process.