Despite the high prevalence of migraine in the population, the pathoph
ysiology of this condition remains poorly understood. Vascular changes
have been postulated. With positron emission tomography and various r
adiotracers, it is possible to have a non-invasive access to a number
of parameters of interest in migraine research. These are presented an
d discussed in this article. PET has great potential for answering som
e basic questions concerning the physiological or biochemical changes
that can occur during and between migraine attacks. Few studies have b
een published, however, probably because of (i) limitations inherent t
o the technique and (ii) problems study design.