Gluonic correlation functions and Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes are calcul
ated in an instanton-based model of the QCD vacuum. We consider both t
he pure gauge case and the situation for real QCD with two light quark
flavors. We show that instantons lead to a strong attractive force in
the J(PC) = 0(++) channel, which results in the scalar glueball being
much smaller than other glueballs. Ln the 0(-+) channel the correspon
ding force is repulsive, and in the 2(++) case it is absent. The resul
ting correlators, masses, coupling constants, and wave functions are c
ompared to the results of lattice simulations.