DOUBLE DISSOCIATION OF CONDITIONING AND DECLARATIVE KNOWLEDGE RELATIVE TO THE AMYGDALA AND HIPPOCAMPUS IN HUMANS

A patient with selective bilateral damage to the amygdala did not acqu ire conditioned autonomic responses to visual or auditory stimuli but did acquire the declarative facts about which visual or auditory stimu li were paired with the unconditioned stimulus. By contrast, a patient with selective bilateral damage to the hippocampus failed to acquire the facts but did acquire the conditioning. Finally, a patient with bi lateral damage to both amygdala and hippocampal formation acquired nei ther the conditioning nor the facts. These findings demonstrate a doub le dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the human amygdala and hippocampus.