EXPECTANCY BIAS AS SOLE OR PARTIAL ACCOUNT OF SELECTIVE ASSOCIATIONS

Davey reviews evidence purporting to distinguish between two accounts of selective associations - expectancy bias and evolved predisposition s, although these hypotheses largely apply to different levels of caus al analysis. Criticisms of primate studies in which subjects lack prio r exposure to stimuli seem uncompelling. Expectancies may sometimes se rve as proximal mediators in selective associations, but other factors , both proximate and ultimate, are clearly also involved.