In the forties, the index approach to measure segregation for powder m
ixtures was introduced. Since that time, several researchers have intr
oduced new indices in an effort to improve this approach continually f
or the determination of mixture segregation. However, there are two ma
jor drawbacks of all current indices that make them unattractive as me
asures of segregation. First, these indices can vary for reasons other
than segregation. The second drawback is the inability to determine i
f the calculated values of these indices are significant while control
ling the probability of making incorrect conclusions. In this article
a measure of segregation is proposed that is not subject to these limi
tations. In addition, a theoretical evaluation is given of current ind
ices and the proposed approach. The conclusions of this evaluation are
illustrated and confirmed by a Monte Carlo simulation study.