In this paper we have tried to develop a theoretical and conceptual fr
amework for analysing contemporary rural change. Initial results from
a recent research project on changing lifestyles in rural Wales are us
ed to investigate the potential contribution of regulation theory in r
ural research. The paper consists of four main sections. In the first
and second sections, the main theoretical characteristics presented by
a regulationist analysis of contemporary capitalist change are discus
sed in detail, stressing that regulation is a continuous but highly va
riable process. In the third section, some key findings from recent wo
rk on rural Wales - which highlights the cultural, social, and economi
c elements of change - are presented. In the fourth and concluding sec
tion we discuss the potential contribution which regulation theory mig
ht make to rural research, but in addition outline the ways in which a
n analysis of contemporary rural change might contribute to the contin
uing development of regulation theory. In particular, attention is dra
wn to several key issues which a regulationist account of rural change
will have to consider.