THE INTERACTION OF A MOVING FLUID-FLUID INTERFACE WITH A FLAT-PLATE

A well-known technique for metering a multiphase flow is to use small probes that utilize some measurement principle to detect the presence of different phases surrounding their tips. In almost all cases of rel evance to the oil industry, the flow around such local probes is invis cid and driven by surface tension, with negligible gravitational effec ts. In order to study the features of the flow around a local probe wh en it meets a droplet, we analyse a model problem: the interaction of an infinite, initially straight, interface between two inviscid fluids , advected in an initially uniform flow towards a semi-infinite thin f lat plate oriented at 90 degrees to the interface. This has enabled us to gain some insight into the factors that control the motion of a co ntact line over a solid surface, for a range of physical parameter val ues. The potential flows in the two fluids are coupled nonlinearly at the interface, where surface tension is balanced by a pressure differe nce. In addition, a dynamic contact angle boundary condition is impose d at the three-phase contact line, which moves along the plate. In ord er to determine how the interface deforms in such a flow, we consider the small- and large-time asymptotic limits of the solution. The small -time and linearized large-time problems are solved analytically, usin g Mellin transforms, whilst the general large-time problem is solved n umerically, using a boundary integral method. The form of the dynamic contact angle as a function of contact line velocity is the most impor tant factor in determining how an interface deforms as it meets and mo ves over the plate. Depending on this, the three-phase contact line ma y, at one extreme, hang up on the leading edge of the plate or, at the other extreme, move rapidly along the surface of the plate. At large times, the solution asymptotes to an interface configuration where the contact line moves at the far-field velocity.