This review is aimed at biochemists and molecular biologists, and cove
rs the chemistry and key features involved in the solid-phase synthesi
s of a variety of the better known DNA and RNA analogues by the phosph
oramidite and H-phosphonate methods. A wide spectrum of biological app
lications such as inhibition of gene expression, translation arrest, R
NA processing, affinity purification of RNA-protein complexes, in situ
hybridization, and synthetic ribozymes are then discussed in some det
ail, enabling the molecular biologist to get an idea of what is possib
le using the current technology.