We examined recognition of individual neighbors in hooded warblers (Wi
lsonia citrina) and Kentucky warblers (Oporornis formosus) by comparin
g responses to playbacks of neighbors' songs from appropriate and inap
propriate boundaries of the subjects' territories. Kentucky warblers,
which sing one song type each, responded more strongly to the songs of
neighbors broadcast from incorrect than from correct boundaries. Hood
ed warblers use their repertoires of three to nine song types in two d
istinct modes of singing: repeat mode involves repeated presentation o
f one song type; mixed mode involves presentation of two or more song
types in irregular sequence. Playbacks of neighbors' mixed-mode songs
from appropriate and inappropriate boundaries indicated capabilities o
f individual recognition similar to those reported previously for repe
at-mode songs (Godard 1991) and to those of Kentucky warblers. Reperto
ires of moderate size, therefore, have no pronounced influence on even
tual recognition of individual neighbors in hooded warblers.