EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY OF FAT-EMBOLISM SYNDROME

To find the diagnostic methods for subclinical stage fat embolism synd rome (FES), we established an experimental animal model, using fat int ravenous injection, The fat was obtained from the long bone marrow cav ity of homologous dogs. Fourteen healthy mongrel dogs received 0.7 ml / kg fluid marrow fat injection and all of them developed FES within 4 8 hours. The blood samples collected from the pulmonary vessels by flo ating catheter and peripheral vein at different time intervals were su bjected to blood gas analysis and were frozen sectioned rapidly. The s ections were stained with oil red 'O'. Positive result was seen 2 hour s after fat injection in both pulmonary and blood. Computer image anal ysis peripheral showed that the number and diameter of fat droplets in pulmonary vascular blood were obviously higher and larger than those in peripheral vein blood, These findings were correlated well with blo od gas changes and clinical features, The demonstration of fat droplet s from pulmonary or peripheral blood by oil red. 'O' staining combined with blood gas changes (PaO2 < 7.99 kPa, P(A-a)O-2 > 6.09 kPa) may be rapid and specific for early diagnosis of FES. In the treatment of FE S, dexamethason can stabilize the cellular membranes and inhibit the n eutrophil response to fatty acid and the release of phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid and platelet aggregation.