Since its introduction as a screen for cervical cancer in the late 194
0s, the Pap smear has become one of the most widely accepted screening
procedures for cancer. Numerous scientific studies have now attested
to its effectiveness. However, important issues related to the Pap sme
ar, including cytologic nomenclature, accuracy, regulatory procedures,
and screening guidelines, are still being evaluated and debated. This
article provides an overview of important issues related to the Pap s
mear.