Y. Rabin et S. Panyukov, SCATTERING PROFILES OF CHARGED GELS - FROZEN INHOMOGENEITIES, THERMALFLUCTUATIONS, AND MICROPHASE SEPARATION, Macromolecules, 30(2), 1997, pp. 301-312
We calculate the scattering spectra of weakly charged, randomly cross-
linked polymer gels in poor and in Theta solvents. For some values of
the thermodynamic parameters, the competition between poor solubility,
electrostatics, and network elasticity leads to the divergence of the
structure factor at a wave vector q, signaling the onset of micropha
se separation in the gel. At the transition, the random inhomogeneous
equilibrium monomer density profile of the gel is replaced by a period
ically modulated density distribution. Unlike all other known cases of
microphase separation, partial reorganization of the equilibrium stat
e takes place even before the onset of the transition and leads to the
appearance of a peak in the structure factor. Depending on the choice
of thermodynamic parameters, the characteristic wavelength of the mod
ulation varies from microscopic to macroscopic length scales. The rami
fications of our results for neutron and light scattering experiments
and for studies of phase transitions in polymer gels are discussed.