A case of arterial leiomyosarcoma, which is encountered rarely, is pre
sented. The case was a sixty-year-old woman. She was admitted with abd
ominal pain. A tumoral mass of 4 x 4 x 6 cm was determined on the righ
t common iliac artery, by clinical and radiologic examination. The mas
s was excised along with the bifurcation of the iliac artery. The arte
rial continuity was provided by interpositioning a vascular graft. At
the pathologic investigation, the mass was diagnosed as vascular leiom
yosarcoma.