FIBER IS AN ESSENTIAL INGREDIENT OF ENTERAL DIETS TO LIMIT BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION IN RATS

Objective: To assess the effect of six different enteral diets on the gut barrier. Design: Laboratory study. Setting: University hospital, G ermany. Material: 70 Specific pathogen free female Crl:CDR BR rats. In terventions: For 7 days, 6 groups of rats were fed orally with standar d chow (n = 15); total parenteral nutrition solution (oral TPN, n = 15 ); elemental diet (ED, n = 10), nutrient-defined diet (NDD, n = 10), o r the NDD supplemented with uracil (NDD + uracil, n = 10), or fibre (N DD + fibre, n = 10). Main outcome measures: Bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, numbers of Gram negative enterobacteria and t otal aerobic bacteria in the caecum, and intestinal concentrations of secretory IgA. Results: The incidence of bacterial translocation was s ignificantly increased in the groups given oral TPN, ED, NDD, and NDD + uracil compared with the group given chow. Only NDD + fibre resulted in a similar degree of translocation to that in the chow group. All g roups in which there was increased translocation had a highly signific ant overgrowth of aerobic bacteria in the caecum, mainly by Gram negat ive enteric organisms. The secretory IgA concentration was reduced in the group that had been given oral TPN, and that in the ED and NDD + u racil groups was similar to that in the chow group. NDD and NDD + fibr e were associated with higher intestinal concentrations of secretory I gA than chow. Conclusion: Fibre-free enteral diets do not protect the gut antimicrobial barrier whatever else is in them. The superiority of early enteral as opposed to parenteral nutrition after injury may, th erefore, not be the result of a specific protective effect on the gut barrier. The supplementation of commercial enteral diets with bulk fib re should be tested in clinical trials.