Zs. Tian et al., STRESS-ANALYSES OF SOLIDS WITH RECTANGULAR HOLES BY 3-D SPECIAL HYBRID STRESS ELEMENTS, Structural engineering and mechanics, 3(2), 1995, pp. 193-199
Two kinds of special 3-dimensional 12-node finite elements-each one co
ntains a traction-free planar surface-have been developed based on Hel
linger-Reissner principle by assumed stress hybrid method. Example sol
utions have demonstrated the advantage of using these special elements
for analyzing plates and solids with rectangular holes.