In clinical practice, non-compliance is art often unrecognised or frus
trating reality, which physicians find difficult to accept or deal wit
h. Possible determinants of adolescents' level of compliance may be di
vided into demographic factors, patient and family characteristics, as
pects of the illness and treatment regimen, and quality of the patient
doctor relationship. Compliance should be viewed as a reflexion of th
e experience of chronic illness as well as the expression of specific
adolescent developmental issues. Practical guidelines are proposed.