LUNG HEALTH IN SAWMILL WORKERS EXPOSED TO PINE AND SPRUCE

Workers exposed to a variety of wood dusts have been shown to exhibit occupational asthma, lung function deficits, and elevated levels of re spiratory symptoms, Despite the popularity of pine and spruce, the hea lth effects of exposures to these woods have not been extensively inve stigated. A study was undertaken to investigate the respiratory health of a group of sawmill workers processing pine and spruce (n=94), Data collection included a respiratory symptom questionnaire, Spirometry, and allergy skin testing. The sawmill workers were compared with a gro up of oil held workers from the same geographic area who underwent the same study protocol (n=165). The results showed that the sawmill work ers had significantly lower average values for FEV(1) and FEV(1)/FVC(% ), adjusted for age, height, and smoking, The largest differences were for current smokers, Significantly elevated age and smoking-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were detected for shortness of breath (2.83; 95% conf idence interval [CI], 1.47 to 5.46) and wheeze with chest tightness (2 .58; 95% CI, 1.18 to 5.62), Nonsignificant elevations were also seen f or usual cough (1.47; 95% CI, 0.68 to 3.16), usual phlegm (1.94; 95% C I, 0.98 to 3.87), shortness of breath with exercise (1.45; 95% CI, 0.6 6 to 3.20), chest tightness (1.43;95% CI, 0.80 to 2.57), and attacks o f wheeze (1.70; 95% CI, 0.79 to 3.68). Sawmill workers were 2.5 times as likely as oil held workers to report current asthma (95% CI, 0.76 t o 8.32), Workers employed more than 3 years showed significantly more asthma (OR=3.67; 95% CI, 1.00 to 13.5) and bronchitis (OR=2.14; 95% CI , 1.02 to 4.52), Sawmill workers were only 43% as likely to report a h istory of hay fever (95% CI, 0.20 to 0.94), These health effects were noted despite an average concentration of respirable dust of 1.35 mg/m (3) (range, 0.1 to 2.2 mg/m(3)), These levels are below the present oc cupational standard.