HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE (TNB) IN RATS IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO

We studied the hematological effects of single and repealed exposure t o 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in rats. Male F-344 rats were gavaged wi th TNB al 35.5 and 71 mg/kg in corn oil. Blood was collected 5 h and 2 4 h after a single oral dose or 24 h after daily oral doses for 4 or 1 0 d in four different set of experiments. A dose-dependent methemoglob inemia was present only in blood collected 5 h after a single dose. A highly significant dose-dependent anemia with reduced red cells, hemog lobin, and hemotocrit was present in rats receiving TNB for 4 or 10 d. A dose-dependent decrease in serum triglycerides was present in rats receiving TNB for 10 d. There was no hemolysis when rat erythrocytes w ere incubated with TNB (in vitro) for 9 h. Spectral changes of hemoglo bin recorded during the incubation with TNB confirm methemoglobin form ation and progressive denaturation of hemoglobin-forming hemichromes. The significance of methemoglobin and hemichrome formation is discusse d, and a probable hypothesis for the hemolytic anemia is suggested.