PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION AND MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCTION BY THE HYPOLIPIDEMIC CI-924 IN RATS AND MICE - RELATIONSHIP TO TUMORGENICITY

CI-924 [1,1'-biphenyl]-2,5-diylbis(oxy)]bis[2,2-dimethyl- pentanoic ac id]), a lipid lowering agent, was previously shown to be hepatotumorig enic in male and female B6C3F1 mice but not in male and female albino Wistar rats. To determine if the difference between the species in tum origenic response correlated with the extent of peroxisome proliferati on or microsomal changes the effects of CI-924 on liver were character ized in rats and mice. CI-924 doses of 0, 5, 25, 75, and 150 mg/kg wer e administered in the diet for 4 weeks to B6C3F1 mice and albino Wista r rats. Peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity was significantly increase d in all groups at doses of 25 mg/kg or higher and was induced up to 2 5 times in male rats. Peroxisomal carnitine acyltransferase and acyl-C oA oxidase activities were also increased, with the greatest induction observed in male rats. Catalase activity quadrupled in rats and doubl ed in mice. Serum liver enzyme activities were unchanged with the exce ption of 5'-nucleotidase which was elevated in mice and decreased in m ale, but not female, rats. Glutathione S-transferase decreased in the males of both species and glutathione peroxidase increased in the mice . Cytochrome P450 4A1 increased in both species at doses of 25 mg/kg o r greater and correlated with increased lauric acid hydroxylation. The high degree of peroxisome proliferation in male rats was unexpected i n light of the lack of tumorgenicity demonstrated in a previous 2-year study and these results indicate that early peroxisome proliferation alone is not always a good predictor of hepatocarcinogenicity. (C) 199 5 Society of Toxicology