The considerable neonatal mortality of a captive population of Chacoan
peccaries, the tagua (Catagonus wagneri), in Paraguay was investigate
d with the examination of six newborn animals and one adult. Most deat
hs occur primarily because of restriction of space resulting in compet
ition for space and nutrition. The adult had nonlethal inhalation pulm
onary anthracosis. Neonatal pulmonary nocardiosis was noted in one inf
ant and is believed to be related to the dust storms prevailing locall
y. Another neonate had a duplication of the pelvis, rear extremities,
and one ovary, representing a type of conjoined twin classified as isc
hiopagus.