We have reassessed patient ''S,'' one of the first 3 individuals recog
nized to have Smith-Lemli-Opitz (or RSH) syndrome, at age 34 years, an
d we describe his physical, developmental, and behavioral manifestatio
ns. This reassessment provides formal evidence that this individual ha
s the cholesterol. biosynthetic defect which is thought to be the caus
e of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Dietary manipulation appears to have
had a beneficial effect on the patient's behavior and suggests that ev
en in adults with this condition, dietary cholesterol supplementation
may be indicated. (C) 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.