At high intensity, a short range wake field can distort the beam's pot
ential well and thereby change the stationary distribution. It is now
known that if this is not taken into account, instability thresholds w
ill be incorrectly predicted. A numerical method exists for solving th
e linearized Vlasov equation for the self-consistent case, including t
he distortion to the stationary distribution, and finding such thresho
lds. We have found physical explanations for the eigenmodes and instab
ility thresholds predicted in this method. As a result, a much simpler
stability criterion has been found. The criterion is simple in that i
t depends only on the stationary distribution and does not require sol
ution of the linearized Vlasov equation.