Objective: To examine the fact that, after 50 years, the introduction
of amphetamines for therapeutic purposes, psychostimulants such as met
hylphenidate have proved to be effective medications used in the treat
ment of childhood hyperactivity, yet misunderstood. Method: A review o
f the literature is undertaken on the use of psychostimulants in child
ren and adults. Results: Studies evaluating their helpfulness in adult
s are for the most part outdated and nonexploratory. Conclusion: their
rehabilitation could prove to be useful for young and older adults, o
n condition that their target syndromes are studied more thoroughly.