Background: Kaposi sarcoma has become a common manifestation in people
with AIDS, especially men. A few reports of Kaposi sarcoma in women w
ith AIDS have involved nongenital areas. However, of the few patients
with genital Kaposi sarcoma reported in the United States, none was be
lieved to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. Genital Kapo
si sarcoma associated with HIV has been reported in other parts of the
world. Case: A 29-year-old black woman presented with severe vulvar p
ain, vaginal discharge, and a vulvar mass. She had been diagnosed with
AIDS 25 months earlier. Biopsy of the vulvar mass revealed Kaposi sar
coma; viral analysis of the tumor was positive for herpes simplex viru
s type 2. Sequencing of polymerase chain reaction product verified the
presence of human papillomavirus 26. Conclusion: We report an HIV-ass
ociated Kaposi sarcoma presenting as a vulvar mass. This report should
alert health care providers to include Kaposi sarcoma in the differen
tial diagnosis of Vulvar lesions.