El. Khalil, NONLINEAR THERMODYNAMICS AND SOCIAL-SCIENCE MODELING - FAD CYCLES, CULTURAL-DEVELOPMENT AND IDENTIFICATIONAL SLIPS, The American journal of economics and sociology, 54(4), 1995, pp. 423-438
The paper argues that the application of nonlinear dynamics borrowed f
rom thermodynamics for the study of the evolution of institutions amou
nts to an identificational slip. While the paper welcomes the importat
ion of techniques from the natural sciences, thermodynamic feedback is
simply an inappropriate technique for the study of evolutionary chang
e. Thermodynamic feedback is only appropriate for the study of social
dynamics like mob behavior, stock market gyrations, and fad cycles. On
e should rather appeal to the evolution of species-as recorded by chan
ge of gene frequency and phenotypic traits-as the appropriate metaphor
for the study of evolution of culture-as manifested by change of rule
s and principles and their consequent order.