Ys. Tzeng et al., A DETAILED R-L FED BRIDGE CONVERTER MODEL FOR POWER-FLOW STUDIES IN INDUSTRIAL AC DC POWER-SYSTEMS/, IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, 42(5), 1995, pp. 531-538
Because of lower voltage levels and smaller power ratings, the R/X rat
io of commutation impedance in industrial ac/dc distribution systems i
s usually higher than that in HVDC transmission systems. Considerable
discrepancies may, therefore, incur in industrial ac/dc power flow res
ults, especially the reactive power consumption of converters, if the
commutation resistances of converters are neglected. To describe the e
ffects of commutation impedance on converter operations and to precise
ly relate the fundamental line current and de output current of the co
nverter, a detailed model of the bridge converter with commutation imp
edance for use of Newton-Raphson power flow studies in industrial ac/d
c power systems is derived in this paper. A coal mine power system and
a de electrified transit railway system with regenerative braking fun
ction, a part of Taipei Rapid Transit Systems under planning, have bee
n analyzed to show the improved accuracy and good convergence characte
ristics of the developed Newton-Raphson power flow formulation with th
e proposed converter model.