A. Ravel et al., VITAMIN INTAKES (A, E, C, CAROTENES) IN A FRENCH INSTITUTION - ASSESSMENT BY THE DUPLICATE-DIET METHOD, Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 39(4), 1995, pp. 208-216
Duplicate meals of those eaten by 14 healthy young males (25-35 years
of age), usual hospital diets for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, were c
ollected for 5 consecutive days and freeze-dried. Fat-soluble vitamin
(alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols, retinol, alpha- and bet
a-carotenes) and vitamin C contents were analyzed. Duplicate meals pre
sented a wide range in vitamin levels. Large individual day-to-day var
iations were observed. The median daily intakes (n = 70) of retinol eq
uivalent (0.31 mg/day) and tocopherol equivalent (3.48 mg/day) were lo
w. Only one third of the meals could provide sufficient amounts of fat
-soluble vitamins, whereas vitamin C intakes were adequate (87.4 mg/ d
ay). So, fat-soluble recommended intakes were not supplied for most of
the subjects in this study.