Five patients, each with a brain abscess, were examined by means of H-
1 MR spectroscopic imaging in vivo. The aspirated pus was analyzed in
vitro by means of 1D and 2D COSY H-1 MRS. In addition to resonance lin
es from compounds (lactate, alanine and lipids) often found in the spe
ctra from intracranial tumors, resonance lines were detected from a nu
mber of markers of infectious involvement (acetate, succinate, and var
ious amino acids). These results suggest that H-1 MRS in vivo might co
ntribute in establishing noninvasively a differential diagnosis betwee
n brain abscess and tumor.