The highly complex eyes of vertebrates, insects and molluscs have long
been considered to be of independent evolutionary origin. Recently, h
owever, Pax-6, a highly conserved transcription factor, has been ident
ified as a key regulator of eye development in both mammals and flies.
Homologues of Pax-6 have also been identified in species from other p
hyla, including molluscs. The wide variety of eyes in the animal kingd
om may, therefore, have evolved from a single ancestral photosensitive
organ.