R. Akers et al., MEASUREMENT OF THE LONGITUDINAL, TRANSVERSE AND ASYMMETRY FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS AT LEP, Zeitschrift fur Physik. C, Particles and fields, 68(2), 1995, pp. 203-213
The fragmentation function for the process e(+)e(-) --> h + X, where h
represents a hadron, may be decomposed into transverse, longitudinal
and asymmetric contributions by analysis of the distribution of polar
production angles. A number of new tests of QCD have been proposed usi
ng these fragmentation functions, but so far no data have been publish
ed on the separate components. We have performed such a separation usi
ng data on char,oed particles from hadronic Z(0) decays at OPAL, and h
ave compared the results with the predictions of QCD. By integrating t
he fragmentation functions, we determine the average charged particle
multiplicity to be <(n(ch))over bar> = 21.05 +/- 0.20. The longitudina
l to total cross-section ratio is determined to be sigma(L)/sigma(tot)
= 0.057 +/- 0.005. From the longitudinal fragmentation function we ar
e able to extract the gluon fragmentation function. The connection bet
ween the asymmetry fragmentation function and electroweak asymmetries
is discussed.