C. Lorencez et al., LIQUID TURBULENCE STRUCTURE AT A SHEARED AND WAVY GAS-LIQUID INTERFACE, International journal of multiphase flow, 23(2), 1997, pp. 205-226
Interfacial momentum transfer was studied in cocurrent and countercurr
ent wavy-stratified flows in a rectangular channel using both the hot-
wire anemometry (HWA) and the non-intrusive photochromic dye activatio
n (PDA) techniques. In cocurrent and countercurrent stratified flows w
ith a wavy interface, the interfacial shear and waves were found to ch
ange the kinematic and turbulence structures of the liquid phase signi
ficantly. In particular, the mean streamwise velocity profile became n
early constant in the upper half of the liquid phase, and the magnitud
e of the turbulent streamwise and Vertical fluctuations correlated wit
h the interfacial shear and the wave amplitude, respectively. Numerica
l predictions of the experimental data were obtained with the k-epsilo
n model of turbulence. New interface conditions were proposed for wavy
flows which yielded predictions in good agreement with the experiment
al data for both cocurrent and countercurrent flows. (C) 1997 Elsevier
Science Ltd.