ENDOSCOPIC SUBPERIOSTEAL BROWLIFT AND FACELIFT

Endoscopic techniques for facial rejuvenation offer a variety of alter natives that can be tailored to the patient's facial aesthetic and agi ng characteristics. The author approaches facial dissection in the cen tral third of the face primarily. In cases of severe rhytidosis or exc ess skin, a peripheral skin excision with minimal undermining can be a dded. Step by step descriptions of the author's preferred techniques a re illustrated. A classification of subperiosteal lifts for better und erstanding of the complex methods of rejuvenation is introduced.