M. Kotera et al., PHOTOCYCLIZATION REACTIONS OF EPOXY NITRILES VIA CARBONYL YLIDES - FORMATION OF SPIROKETALS, SPIROETHERS, AND A SPIROLACTONE, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 43(10), 1995, pp. 1621-1628
Photocyclization reactions (lambda = 254 nm) of gamma-methyl delta-(4-
hydroxybutyl) and delta-(4-hydroxypentyl) alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma
,delta-epoxy nitriles gave spiroketals and spiroethers diastereoselect
ively, whereas reaction of delta-(6-hydroxyhexyl) nitrile afforded no
cyclization product, In addition, photocyclization of nitrite bearing
a carboxyl group in the delta-side-chain afforded spirolactone.