The need for paediatric liver transplantation, which in most paediatri
c series is the remedy for biliary atresia after Kasai's operation has
failed, is not sufficiently covered by organ retrieval at the present
time, In most cases, survival after liver transplantation in children
is approximately 80%. Mortality is still high due to intra-operative
complications in most cases. Morbidity is related to vascular complica
tions as well as to different types of infections which occur in nearl
y all the children. After the initial period, growth in most children
returns to normal with normal physical and intellectual development, T
here remain a number of questions concerning the future of liver trans
plantation in children. What are the limits for proper indications and
contraindications? What is the risk of Life-long immunosuppressive tr
eatment? Are there alternative modalities of treatment other orthotopi
c liver transplantation? It must be admitted that before progress has
provided answers to these questions and a better understanding of the
aetiology of many congenital or metabolic diseases in children as well
as a better means of treatment or prevention, that the need for liver
grafts in children will continue to rise as a consequence of its own
success. One point must be emphasized, since we are concerned with ver
y young children, care should always be given by specially trained hea
lth care providers.