Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of the vertebral artery wa
s performed with an autoperfusion balloon catheter in five patients. T
here were no complications in the form of embolic episodes or neurolog
ical deficits due to brain ischaemia during inflation. In critical cas
es with insufficient collateral circulation during temporary occlusion
, the use of an autoperfusion balloon catheter may expand the indicati
ons for PTA in patients with ischaemic cerebrovascular disease.