An analytical description of the free electron laser (FEL) strong-sign
al regime is developed by means of simple formulas obtained using the
theory of Pade approximants. The analysis includes inhomogeneous broad
ening effects and its validity is tested with two different numerical
procedures. The dependence of the saturation intensity on the detuning
parameter and on the e-beam relative energy spread is also analyzed.
(C) 1995 American Institute of Physics.