We have identified a novel 100 kDa coiled-coil protein, rabaptin-5, th
at specifically interacts with the GTP form of the small GTPase Rab5,
a potent regulator of endocytic transport. It is mainly cytosolic, but
a fraction colocalizes with Rab5 to early endosomes. Expression of a
GTPase-deficient Rab5 mutant enhances the binding of rabaptin-5 to enl
arged endosomes. Over-expression of rabaptin-5 alone is sufficient to
promote expansion of early endosomes. Rab5 recruits rabaptin-5 to puri
fied early endosomes in a GTP-dependent manner, demonstrating function
al similarities with other members of the Ras superfamily. Immunodeple
tion of rabaptin-5 from cytosol strongly inhibits Rab5-dependent early
endosome fusion. Rabaptin-5 is thus a Rab effector required for membr
ane docking and fusion.