The prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase isoform 2, cyclooxygenase 2
(COX-2), is induced at high levels in migratory and other responding c
ells by proinflammatory stimuli. COX-2 is generally considered to be a
mediator of inflammation. Its isoform, COX-1, is constitutively expre
ssed in most tissues and is thought to mediate ''housekeeping'' functi
ons. These two enzymes are therapeutic targets of the widely used nons
teroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). To investigate further the
different physiologic roles of these isoforms, we have used homologous
recombination to disrupt the mouse gene encoding COX-2 (PtgsS). Mice
lacking COX-2 have normal inflammatory responses to treatments with te
tradecanoyl phorbol acetate or with arachidonic acid. However, the; de
velop severe nephropathy and are susceptible to peritonitis.