The article assesses the prospects for the assimilation of new immigra
nt groups and judges their likely effects on the society, culture, and
language of the United States. It places the new immigration in histo
rical perspective and indicates the distinctive features that set it a
part from earlier influxes. It appraises the structural context for th
e incorporation of today's immigrants and argues that because of funda
mental differences, their assimilation will not be as rapid or complet
e as that achieved by European immigrants in the past. The article con
cludes by suggesting how the nature of ethnicity will change as a resu
lt of a new immigration that is linguistically concentrated, geographi
cally clustered, and temporally continuous into an American society th
at is increasingly stratified and unequal.