An auroral substorm, unique in that it occurred at the relatively low
latitude of SANAE, is described based on the full range of observation
al techniques at SANAE together with satellite data. Some features fit
the generally accepted picture of substorms, others do not. From grou
nd-based television imagery of Giant Undulations the temporal evolutio
n of their dynamics is obtained and possible theories for their extist
ence examined. Super fast auroral waves, with speeds of up to 1200 km
s(-1), have been observed for the first time. Their characteristics ca
n not, as yet, be accounted for by a single generation mechanism. The
potential value of simultaneous recordings of aurorae by television an
d riometer is discussed.