Hypovitaminosis D is a common finding in the healthy elderly populatio
n and has significant sequelae. No clear dietary or sunlight-related r
isk factors were identified by dietary assessment and modified outdoor
score. Fortified liquid milk and vitamin supplements were associated
with significantly higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. These resu
lts emphasise the need for foodstuff fortification and supplement use
in the healthy elderly, as well as the 'high-risk' housebound and inst
itutionalised elderly.